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In any context where the speed of travel is virtually
(or, in this case, exactly) a constant, people automatically
begin to express distances in time units.
[Q: ``How far is is from New York to Boston?"
A: ``Oh, about three hours."]
This is equivalent to defining the speed of travel
to be a dimensionless constant of magnitude 1.
Relativistic Physics is no different. Anyone who has to
discuss relativistic phenomena at any length will usually
slip into ``natural units" where
c = 1
and distance and time are measured in the same units.
You get to pick your favourite unit -- seconds, meters,
light years or (as we shall see later) inverse mass!
The list is endless.
Then
is just ``the velocity" measured in natural units
and the calculations become much simpler.
But you have to convert all your other units accordingly,
and this can be interesting. It does take a little getting
used to, but the exercise is illuminating.
I will try to do it both ways (with c as a constant in velocity units
and with c = 1 and unitless) wherever possible, just to give you
a feeling for how this goes.
Jess Brewer
Fri Aug 16 17:01:55 PDT 1996